Kinds of modals such as:

Can, could, may,might, must, ought to, shall, should, will, and would.

Modals in the past form
are used in the past time.They are could, would, should, and might.

Formula of modals is:
Modals + verb 1 + O/C.

Can be used in every tenses.
a. Could is the past tense of can
The modal auxiliary could is used

To express an ability in the past:
I could always beat you at tennis when we were kids.
To express past or future permission:
Could i bury my cat in your back yard?
To express present possibility:
We could always spend the afternoon just sitting around talking

to express possibility or ability in contingent circumstances.
If he studied harder, he could pass this course.

When could is used in the past, it means was able to.

Example:
I was able to find a parking space.

to express a reapeated action in the past
When would is used in the past, it means “used to”,
for example:

When i was younger, I would run two hours every day.

This means that i used to run two hours every day and now i don`t.
to express more polite (request)

b.Would you (please) feed the dog?

When would is used in the present, it show more polite.
For unreal condition

• Mary would go to the Caribbean, but she doesn`t have enough money.(present)
• Mary would have gone to the Carribbean, but she didn`t have money.(past tense)
• Would, can is used in the past and present.

c. Might is the past tense of may.

Is used to express of granting or seeking permission.
Might, I leave class early?
To express future possibility.
She might be my advisor next semester.
To express past possibility.
Desty came late this morning, she might have missed the bus.
- Might is considerably more tentative than may


d. Should is the past tense of shall.
Most commonly used to make recommendations or give advice. It can also be used to express obligation as well as ecpectation.

Example:
When you go to Berlin, you should visit the palaces in Postdam. (recommendation)
You should focus more on your family and less on work. (advice)
i really should be in the office by 7:00 am. (obligation)
By now, they should already be in Dubai.
(expectation)

Example in dialogue:
Chika : Hy eka....Are you busy?
Eka : No, i`m not busy...What`s happen?
Chika : Oh...Good..I want you help me...
Would you help me, please?
Eka : Yes, why not...?What can I do for
you...?
Chika : Hmm...help me please...to clean my
garden now....
Eka : ??????.......No....I won`t.......Sorry.......

  Example :

Rizky : Oh...I miss grandchild...I want to meet him.

Fanny : Don`t be sad grandma, Andre might visit us on Saturday...

Rizky : Really...? Oh,i`m so happy...

Fanny : Yups, of course...

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